Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental health condition in which people have an unreasonably high sense of their self-importance. They need and seek too much attention and want people to admire them. Usually, people with this condition lack empathy. They may become impatient or angry when they don’t receive special recognition or treatment. They also experience major problems interacting with others and feel easily slighted. They find it difficult dealing with stress and adapting to change and may withdraw from or avoid situations in which they might fail. They may consider their interpersonal relationships troubled and unfulfilling, and others may not enjoy being around them.
Different Types of Narcissist
Narcissism comes in several forms. Adaptive narcissism is when a person with this disorder leans into positive traits—such as self-sufficiency and confidence—that can actually be healthy. They may help someone set high ambitions at work, for example, or enjoy satisfying relationships without being over-dependent on a partner.
Maladaptive narcissism, on the other hand, is characterized by the toxic traits, such as a sense of entitlement and willingness to exploit others.
Diagnosis of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Some symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder overlap with other personality disorders. This could affect proper diagnosis.
Diagnosis of this condition is usually:
- A thorough psychological evaluation that may include filling out questionnaires.
- Guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.
- The severity of the symptoms.
- How the symptoms negatively affect your normal daily functioning.
Symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder
- Feel that they deserve privileges and special treatment.
- Have an unreasonably high sense of self-importance and require constant, excessive admiration.
- Expect to be recognized as superior even without achievements.
- Make achievements and talents seem bigger than they are.
- Be preoccupied with fantasies about success, power, brilliance, beauty or the perfect mate
- Be critical of and look down on people they feel are not important
- Expect special favors and expect other people to do what they want without questioning them.
- Take advantage of others to get what they want.
- Have an inability or unwillingness to recognize the needs and feelings of others
- Be envious of others and believe others envy them.
- Believe they are superior to others and can only spend time with or be understood by equally special people.
- Behave in an arrogant way, brag a lot and come across as conceited.
- Insist on having the best of everything for instance, the best car or office.
Treatment
A number of therapy will help the individual cope with the condition. They include:
- Support group
- Counseling psychology
- Family therapy
- Group psychotherapy
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